This article presents a comparative-typological analysis of the innovations in children's ‎literature during the Tanzimat era and the emergence and development of children's prose in ‎Azerbaijani literature of the same period. The Tanzimat era is characterized as a phase marked by the ‎strengthening of educational ideologies and Western influences, during which classical-didactic ‎literary structures were gradually replaced by more modern forms and content. While Ottoman ‎children’s literature of this period emphasized moral education, patriotism, and the transmission of ‎new knowledge, similar tendencies such as enlightenment, national self-awareness, and the shaping ‎of the child as an individual are observed in Azerbaijani children's literature. The study explores ‎parallels between the works of Azerbaijani educational writers such as Seyid Azim Shirvani and ‎Hasan bey Zardabi, who sought to produce texts suitable for children's comprehension, and ‎Tanzimat-era Ottoman authors like Kayserili Doctor Rüştü, Ahmet Midhat, and Mehmed Şemsettin, ‎who engaged in similar literary endeavors. Furthermore, the article identifies the similarities and ‎differences between these two literary traditions in terms of language, style, genre, and ideological ‎content. Ultimately, it concludes that in both cultural contexts, the formation of children's literature ‎was closely linked to movements for modernization and enlightenment, where adapting classical ‎oral and written traditions to the needs of a new era played a crucial role.‎